Hazard And Hazard Management Construction Essay

Hazard And Hazard Management device EssayThe saying perseverance is characterized by a relatively mettlesome injury and illness rate compared to other industries. In the past two decades much than 26,000 U.S. construction doers have died at work. That equates to approximately five construction worker deaths every workings day. Safe practices can help eliminate the supposes present in the construction industry, and reduce the number of on-the-job injuries and deaths. The techniques in the construction industry have been improved due to the rapid development of science and technology. However, the constructional hazards are not decreased as expected. To reduce or prevent occupational hazards in the construction industry, some methods were proposed to provide a prevention and improvement technique against occupational hazards. A method was developed to identify important hazard types and hazard causes. Additionally, especial analyses were performed to assess the risk value of th e hazard.2. Hazard and Hazard ManagementHazards identification is the act of identifying the failure conditions or threats which could lead to undesirable events. It may be outlined as a condition, aim, activity or event with the voltage of inflicting injuries or sick health to personnel, injury to property, loss of fabric, or reduction of the cleverness to perform a prescribed operate or combination of those (DOSH, 2006). Paul Everitt and Anthony Price (2004) define hazard as any source or view with the potential to cause harm to the golosh and health of people or damage the environment or to plant / equipment. Because the followence of a hazard is not always obvious, and increases with human interaction a structured and systematic approach is essential in compiling a comprehensive list of hazards.The hazard caution means, the method of implementing counter measures to decrease the chance of hazard.3. The toil features and their relation to the construction hazardTo determi ne that how the project features contribute to construction hazard, it needs to categorize the project to the specific project features and breaking that down into a sequence of stages, and then, identifying all possible loss-of-control incident that may occur during the construction work.3.1. The project features and the sequence of stagesFoundationsbarbPillingStructural activitiesConcrete SlabsCast-in-place cover columns and wallsErecting pre-cast slabsErecting pre-cast wallsForming walls with stone claddingFinishing activitiesBrick masonryStone claddingExterior plasteringGypsum boardsFloor tiling jacket crown insulationRoof sealingGlazingOther activitiesElectrical installationPlumbingHVAC installation3.2. Some sub-activities of the above stages areAccording to the above category in that location are some sub-activities that would be hazardous in construction sites such asActivitySub-activityHazardEventFoundationExcavationCave- in yield the excavation wallPilingSequencing of pil ing workConflict with other parts of the project construction, creating unsafe working conditionsPiles laid in positions in restricted working spacePersonal injury from falling debris, crushing. Unsafe removal of guards or auger cleaners. Risk to third partiesPiling near to the pinnacle of slopesSlope failure, rig overturningWorking in excavationsAccess ramps and wall props can hold up working spaceStructural activitiesConcrete SlabsSlips, trips twilightCast-in-place concrete walls with stone claddingPouring concrete using a crane bucketFilling bucketConcrete spatterExterior workingPreparing the wall areaFilling holesDropping an objectCasting lightweight concrete for drainageCasting concretePouring the concreteDropping an objectConcrete columns and wallsFix steel rebar cageFinal tiesCollision with steel barsDrywall constructionErecting the framingAttaching studs to exterior masonry or concrete wallssplattering of debris from drilling or nailingExterior stuccoManually applying an i nsulating layerCuring and cutting protrusionsStruck by a toolCast-in-place concrete columns and walls lay formsCleaning and greasing forms in heightFall from a ladderConcrete columns and wallsCasting concrete with a craneLifting a bucket full of concreteCrane collapseA researcher argued that, according to the fatalities statistic, 40% of that involved incidents related to falls from height. Inadequate, removed, or inappropriate use of fall protection equipment contributed to more than 30% of the falls. As these statistics indicate, safety in construction remains a big problem. As good safety practices and records create a positive, hazard free, and nut-bearing work environment, planning for safety at the front-end of a project is not only the first but also a fundamental step for managing safety. in that location are some hazard identification tools, such asText BrainstormingChecklistStructured What-if (SWIFT)4. Some Common Construction Hazard Issues4.1. Construction HazardsConstr uction hazards may embarrass falls, extreme heights, falling from rooftops, machinery failure, unguarded machinery, being struck by heavy construction equipment, electrocutions, silica dust, asbestos, lead, welding emissions, accidents, structure collapse, roofing and paving tar, engine exhaust fumes, and other hazards. Construction sites include residential construction, bridge erection, roadway paving, excavations, demolitions, and big painting jobs.4.2. Construction Hazard Statistics According to OSHA Figure 1 shows that falls from elevation generally represent the leading cause of a death due to construction related activity, representing about 33% of all construction fatalities. Getting struck by some object, caught in-between two objects, and electrical shock is also leading factors of construction fatalities. Together, these make up about 90% of all construction fatalities. It is important to note that over the last few years, these numbers have statistically declined or in creased in a linear, residuum fashion. The occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Statistics show that about 90% of the fatalities occur from four types of injuries. These injuries may be from falls from height such as scaffolding or ladders, being struck by objects, being caught between objects, and electrocution. There are other common hazards in construction sites that may include power tools and equipment, Heavy machinery, excavations, and confined.4.3. Is the Engineers and Safety Staff are blame?Failures in hazard identification are often due to the limited expertise or oversight of engineers or safety staff when planning or executing safety practices, or poor training of construction staff. Examples are tasks in digit for safety, safety inspection, and monitoring safety. Failure in any of these can result in increased risk of exposing workers to hazards in the construction environment. Safety planning in construction is generally done separately from project ex ecution planning and involves different actors. This separation and the resulting lack of communication create difficulties for safety engineers to analyze what, when, why, and where the hazards located for preventing accidents.5. Fall Hazards Identification and Preventive MeasuresAs mentioned above, 40% of involved incidents are related to falls from height, due to that here will focus on Identifying and assessing the hazards and risks as an essential step in safety management. The potential fall hazards regarding to construction features are, holes in slabs, leading or unbounded edges of the floor slab, and openings in walls.According to OSHA a slab hole means a gap or void of 2 in. (5.1 cm) or more in its least dimension. A hole can make up at several heights, for example, on a floor (e.g., concrete slab), a roof (e.g., skylight), or any other walking/working surface. Similar rules exist for openings in walls, for example, unprotected windows. Regardless of the size of the hole or opening, if the location of the object is elevated more than 1.8 m (6 ft), it would be hazardous.The preventive measure for falls include, always using appropriate fall protection, installing and maintaining perimeter protection when working from heights, covering and securing all floor openings, and following safe practices when using ladders and scaffolds.6. final resultThe construction industry has been considered an accident prone industry. Alarming statistics indicate that the construction industry accounts for 55,000 fatal injuries each year. That is because construction sites are often filled with potential hazards that can lead to serious injury or death. Safety planning can be considered in the scheduling stage for early detection, including identification of a hazardous location, and schedule for implementation of protective safety equipment. Construction sites, unlike other production facilities, undergo changes in topography, topology and work conditions throughout t he season of the projects. These features make managing construction site-safety more difficult than managing safety in manufacturing plants. Mostly in construction, a different approach is needed to identify hazards and risks, increase safety and prevent accidents. The employee is responsible for reporting any defects in the workplace or on any of the equipment that is being used. A workplace inspection is a life-sustaining part of a comprehensive safety and health program in which the workplace is examined closely on a regular basis for the purpose ofIdentifying and written text potential and actual hazards associated with buildings, equipment, environment, and processes.Identifying hazards which require immediate attention.Ensuring that existing hazard controls are functioning and recommending corrective action.